Kubernetes - 超简单手动安装 Dashboard WebUI

版本推荐

Kubernetes Dashboard：2.0.3
Kubernetes：1.13.12
版本如果不兼容会出现各种奇奇怪怪的问题，比如：Dashboard 日志残缺、翻页丢失日志、下载丢失日志等问题……

开始教程

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.3/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
 
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml

如果网速不好，可以直接拿我下面的保存到文件即可，就是上面地址的内容

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]

---

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.0.3
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
      annotations:
        seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.4
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}

查看成功创建（最后 2 个噢）

[root@master1 ~]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE              NAME                                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
default                nginx-5578584966-ch9x4                       1/1     Running   1          8h
kube-system            coredns-9d85f5447-qghnb                      1/1     Running   38         6d13h
kube-system            coredns-9d85f5447-xqsl2                      1/1     Running   37         6d13h
kube-system            etcd-master1                                 1/1     Running   8          6d13h
kube-system            kube-apiserver-master1                       1/1     Running   9          6d13h
kube-system            kube-controller-manager-master1              1/1     Running   8          6d13h
kube-system            kube-flannel-ds-amd64-h2f4w                  1/1     Running   5          6d10h
kube-system            kube-flannel-ds-amd64-z57qk                  1/1     Running   1          10h
kube-system            kube-proxy-4j8pj                             1/1     Running   1          10h
kube-system            kube-proxy-xk7gq                             1/1     Running   7          6d13h
kube-system            kube-scheduler-master1                       1/1     Running   9          6d13h
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper-7b8b58dc8b-5r22j   1/1     Running   0          15m
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard-866f987876-gv2qw        1/1     Running   0          15m

还没好，还需要一些调整：删除现有的 dashboard 服务，dashboard 服务的 namespace 是 kubernetes-dashboard，但是该服务的类型是 ClusterIP，不便于我们通过浏览器访问，因此需要改成 NodePort 型

# 查看 现有的服务
[root@master1 ~]# kubectl get svc --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE              NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default                kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP                  6d13h
default                nginx                       NodePort    10.102.220.172   <none>        80:31863/TCP             8h
kube-system            kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.96.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   6d13h
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.100.246.255   <none>        8000/TCP                 61s
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard        ClusterIP   10.109.210.35    <none>        443/TCP                  61s

# 删除
kubectl delete service kubernetes-dashboard --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard

创建配置文件

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

再次查看服务成功（最后一个，注意看端口号 30432 就是我们等下即将访问的端口）

[root@master1 ~]# kubectl get svc --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE              NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default                kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP                  6d13h
default                nginx                       NodePort    10.102.220.172   <none>        80:31863/TCP             8h
kube-system            kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.96.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   6d13h
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.100.246.255   <none>        8000/TCP                 4m32s
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.110.91.255    <none>        443:30432/TCP            10s

想要访问dashboard服务，就要有访问权限，创建kubernetes-dashboard管理员角色（如果可以直接获取到 Token 的话，这一步可忽略）

vim dashboard-svc-account.yaml
 
# 结果
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: dashboard-admin
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: dashboard-admin
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: dashboard-admin
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
 
# 执行
kubectl apply -f dashboard-svc-account.yaml

获取 token

[root@master1 ~]# kubectl get secret -n kube-system |grep admin|awk '{print $1}'
dashboard-admin-token-bwgjv
 
# 复制下面的 token,后面登陆的时候要用到
[root@master1 ~]# kubectl describe secret dashboard-admin-token-bwgjv -n kube-system|grep '^token'|awk '{print $2}'
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IkJOVUhyRElPQzJzU2t6VDNVdWpTdzhNZmZPZjV0U2s1UXBFTzctNE9uOFEifQ.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.kEK3XvUXJGzQlBI4LIOp-puYzBBhhXSkD20vFp9ET-rGErxmMHjUuCqWxg0iawbuOndMARrpeGJKNTlD2vL81bXMaPpKb4Y2qoB6bH5ETQPUU0HPpWYmfoHl4krEXy7S95h0mWehiHLcFkrUhyKGa39cEBq0B0HRo49tjM5QzkE6PNJ5nmEYHIJMb4U62E8wKeqY9vt60AlRa_Re7IDAO9qfb5_dGEmUaIdr3tu22sa3POBsm2bhr-R3aC8vQzNuafM35s3ed8KofOTQFk8fXu4p7lquJnji4yfC77yS3yo5Jo3VPyHi3p5np_9AuSNYfI8fo1EpSeMsXOBH45hu2w

访问 Dashboard 大功告成~